Course : HNC in Construction and the Built Environment
Unit 3 of the HNC in Construction and the Built Environment dives into the science behind material selection. You'll explore how properties like strength and thermal resistance affect a building's functionality and occupant comfort. Safety regulations and proper handling techniques are examined to ensure a secure worksite. The course emphasizes sustainable practices, teaching you to assess the environmental impact of materials and choose options that minimize environmental footprint. By the end, you'll be able to confidently recommend materials that meet project requirements while considering human comfort and environmental responsibility.
Assignment - Improving Sustainability through Material Selection
Table of Contents
- Performances of the Building
- Designing materials designing
- Strategies Making
- Construction Design
- Materials for constructions
- Calculations for Thermal for Health Safety
- Calculations for Illuminations for health safety
- Calculations for the Sound and ventilations
- Passive House Design Principles
- Active House Design Principles
- The need for a passive construction design
- The National House Building Council (NHBC)
- References
Unit 3 Science and Materials
LO4: Evaluate the performance of a given building in respect of its human comfort requirements.
Task:
As the company you work for is involved in housing developments, they are very keen to evaluate the performance of their buildings in relation to human comfort. The MD, impressed with your previous work for her, has now asked that you design a materials selection strategy for human comfort requirements that the design team can use in their future selection of materials. Identify five different materials used in house development and using relevant calculations for thermal, illumination, sound and ventilation, evaluate how the use of active or passive strategies can minimise energy, materials, water and land use.
Solution:
Performances of the Building
It is essential to measure the plot and every other aspect of the structure to be erected in order to prevent the chances for occurrences of issues and challenges at a later stage. According to the perspective of Bungau et al. (2018), different kinds of parameters that need to be connected in order to determine the loss of energy, such as heat and cold of the structure. On the basis of these factors the allocation of resourcesis needed to be carried out, and the plan is needed to be designed in a proper way for eliminating any chances of complicacies during the construction phase. As highlighted by Filimonau and Delysia (2019), sustainable structures, such as buildings, are considered as the integral part of the development of a society. Theyeventually give rise to a constant increase of the complexity and tightness in the regulatory requirements of constructing those structures.
Building regulations
The regulation of the buildingsisneeded to beimplemented by judging the surrounding and the environmental structures and obstacles near the structure to be developed. Minimum sets of legal requirements are to be met in order to construct a structure successfully and legally. As depicted by Kabirifaret al. (2020), the different types of requirements ofa building are highly influenced by the regulationsand policies of construction, which can often vary from region to region.Thus, in the sector of construction, the key elements are as follows: the sustainability of the structure, materials for the development of an eco-friendly structure as well as environment, and to add up the adaptability and flexibility of power. While adhering to sustainability it is equally important to consider how the structure reacts to heat, cold, and moisture, for which a proper set of materials is needed to be chosen in the first place.Proper sets of tests are needed to be conducted to identify the suitability of construction materials and their application to any given structure. Furthermore, in addition of choosing the proper sets of construction materials, it is important to check that these materials are complying with the building norms and regulations of the locality and the region in which the construction is taking place. For example, on an earthquake prone zone, wood is preferred over concrete structures.
Building gaps
Often performance gaps of buildings can be seen after they are constructed. The term can be defined as the difference between the performance value of the structure that has been determined in the design phase and the performance value that is measured in the stage of post-occupancy.It is important to have an adequate level of knowledge on performance gaps of buildings, which is considered extremely crucial at certain scenarios. Furthermore, the builder and the engineers engaged in the construction process are needed to identify how large is the performance gap of the structure in the first place.A significant development in this field is still needed in order understand it more comprehensively and completely.
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Designing materials designing
Some of the common sustainable construction materials that are used extensively across multiple construction sites are Bamboo reinforced concrete, Bioplastic, cross laminated timber, AshCrete, Hempcrete, Plant-Based Polyurethane Rigid Foam, Enviroboard, Clay Brick, Timbercrete, Sheep's Wool, and Cob. As per the British building regulations 2010, building works refers to the extension or erection of a building or construction structure. The term can also be used to refer the extension or provision of a controlled fitting or service along with the sets of works that is required by regulation 6, which comprises of the guidelines of the requirements relating to material change of use. A structure is considered fit to be erected only if it complies with the applicable needs that are provided under schedule 1. Furthermore, the structure at question is needed to comply with certain sets of needs, such that there is no presence of failure to adhere to any other requirements that are similar in nature as the previous one. Furthermore, as per The Building Regulations 2010, the structure would only comply with the above stated requirements only if the construction work is of a certain kind that is described under 3(1)(g), (h) or (i). Additionally, carrying out the construction work is required to not comprise of an alteration of material.Lastly, the sets of activities of the construction work are needed to comply with the applicable requirements of Part L,that falls underSchedule 1 (Khan, et al. 2019).
Strategies Making
There are five key waysto develop a building, which are designed under a five-protocol system. The primary purpose here is to give rise to a virtual picturization of the entire project work. According to Nizar (2018),a vision aboutthe project is needed to determine the measurable goals and set them accordingly. Depending upon the goals and the need for determining different kinds of data according to the sustainable factors that give rise to a proper project the course of path is needed to be pre-planned and set beforehand. This gives rise to a competitive edge, which is considered essential for the determination potential success rate of the project. This is often done by comparing the present objectives with that of projects carried out in the past by the same of other organisations. Furthermore, the quantifiable goals and criteria for development and implementation are needed to be adhered to here as well as per the evaluation done beforehand. This at a later stage could aid in adjusting different kinds of milestones and the resources required to meet them effectively (Jin, Yuan and Chen, 2019).
Construction Design
The selection of different kinds of designing and its elements are needed to be carried out by the design while considering certain factors. In terms of construction, design can be described as the process related to development of a solution to a particular project brief, after which the instructions are prepared, thereby enabling the gradual construction of the solution.The process of construction design i8s needed to rationalize different as well as contradictory needs of the brief presented, the aesthetics, structure, budget, climate, regulations, privacy, security and other elements. Furthermore, certain principles of design are needed to be adapted, such as unity, balance, emphasis, movement, space, contrast, and alignment (Bungauet al. 2018).
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Materials for constructions
As mentioned previously, the key materials that are neededforsustainable construction are Bamboo reinforced concrete, Bioplastic, cross laminated timber, AshCrete, Hempcrete, Plant-Based Polyurethane Rigid Foam, Enviroboard, Clay Brick, Timbercrete, Sheep's Wool, and Cob. Regarding these particular choices. As highlighted by Kaza et al. (2018), manually identification and activities areneeded by the engineers and other planners completing a construction project successfully. As per the British building regulations 2010, works of building is carried out with the use of proper sets and adequate quantities of materials that are considered appropriate for the scenarios in which they are used, are mixed and prepared in an adequate manner, and ultimately are applied to carry out the functions for which they have been designed and produced in the first place. Also, the building works as per the given act should be carried out in a workmanlike manner. Furthermore, the remaining materials are to be disposed safely. However, the legislative guidelines provided above are not applicable to the erection of structures, extension, or building of certain kinds described under Schedule 2 of the act. Also, these are applicable for carrying out any other work of construction, whichafter carrying out would require similar kin d of works once again. Furthermore, under the British building regulations 2010, the requirements listed under paragraphs G1 and G3(2) and (3) of Schedule 1 are applicable for greenhouses that receives hot or cold-water supply from a source that is shared with or is located within a dwelling (Filimonauand Delysia, 2019). The guidelines also holds true for small detaching structures that falls under class 6 under Schedule 2, and for building extensions that falls under class 7 under the same schedule.
Calculations for Thermal for Health Safety
The thermal calculation for safety is of highly primary importance giving rise to a proper index of heat thermal condition that needs to be maintained for maintaining the safety of health. These essential factors cause a temperature change. There lies the multiplication of change within the temperature for which there lies a sample of changes that again divides the supplied heat / the energy of the product. Therefore, this ultimately give rise to the formulation of the thermal calculations that give rise to thermal balance.
"C = Q / (ΔT ? m)"
In this case the thermal balance mainly gives rise to the rate of the heat loss which is totally equal to the heat production. And there lies the minimum level of skin temperature that should be appropriate for learning. These are for the comfort and sweating intensity of functioning and preference sweating rate which is considered as the metabolic rate or activity to the thermal comfort made by calculating. This is also important for human safety (Kabirifaret al. 2020).
Calculations for Illuminations for health safety
The calculation of lighting illumination needs to be understood for measuring the length of the weight of the room that I have to multiply the length. According to the width of the rectangle areas in order to get the square footage of the room. Depending upon that multiplication of length X with the width of the rectangle area of the room. After this the less multiplication of square foot is only by 1.5 of the general writing factors for watching any television and sectors for mobile phones for listening to music.
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Calculations for the Sound and ventilations
Sound
For the 8 hrs of exposing factors there needs to be 93 DBA that is needed to be concerned for considering hundred percent of dose this is a maximum range is allowed for the sound. Where on the other hand for 6 hours at 92 DB 100% dose activated for safety purposes of human health.
"TWA = 16.61 log(10) (D/100) + 90"
This is hereby highlighted that realises a minimum level of DB which they need to be concerned with for calculating the average sound level in terms of DB and computer it so that in person it gives rise to the formula of the stated above where it has been considered only 8 shaped walking level within noise level constant. According to this purpose TW a is mainly calculating the equal measurements of the sound level by prohibiting it.
Ventilations
According to the different factors of ventilation it has been clearly stated that air ventilation is very important especially for the closed spaces; this will give rise to proper circulation of air within a room for human safety and comfort. Under this consideration it has been clearly stated that if am is the Pig per minute where it is multiplied to the area of the inner space this gives rise to CFM that is cubic feet per minute for which the ventilation is needed to be calculated and substituted for the value of fpm. This substitution is mainly done with the area of the indoor space where the area has been squared later on.
"CFM = (fpm * area)"
Passive House Design Principles
There are five major living principles there for passive house design which is mainly taken as consideration for safety of Health.
• The centralised design for a super insulated environment helps to produce insulations so that it will give rise to keep safety when fire rockers and that will help to secure the health facilities from danger.
• The neck is like a tight construction to maintain the moisture prevention and Damp regulated structure.
• High performance of glazing so that it can last for more than 20 years with the same Glaze during the time of manufacturing.
• A development of thermal Bridge is needed to be maintained for detailing is it in a free details process that is needed to be done on that prospective.
• Their life overall recovery for heat ventilation is needed to be at Higher priority for which ventilations is needed.
Active House Design Principles
• Active house is main input focus over the activation of house which is developed by building a greater Healthcare career and that is needed to be comfortable for regular occupants with negative impact on moving with climate to was a healthy and safer world.
• This gave rise to proper accumulation of a in the climate which moves forward for a cleaning and healthy safety society that receives an active house of designation which provides an effective house of standards for beneficial activities.
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The need for a passive construction design
An effective passive design enables the reduction or elimination of the need for additional sources of cooling or heating inside the structure. However, the factors here are largely governed by the location of the buildingand at times rely on the work of the active occupants. It has been observed that a structure that is constructed using a passive design can deliver high thermal comfort, low emissions of greenhouse gases, and lesser energy bills. Some of the factors that are adhered to while implementing a passive design for a structure are passive heating, design for a particular climate,passive cooling, thermal mass, orientation, glazing, shading, insulation, condensation, and ventilation (Nizar, Munir and Munawar, 2018).
The National House Building Council (NHBC)
The primary aim of NHBC is to raise the standards of constructions of new residencies in the United Kingdom (UK). It also offers protection to the ones buying homes. These operations are primarily carried out via its 10-year warranty of Buildmark.The NHBC was established in 1936 and is considered as the largest provider of warranties for new residencies in the United Kingdom. Some of its additional operations comprise of provision of services that are connected with building of houses and the generalized line of construction, such as that of health and safety, energy ratings, training, and sustainability. In the given project all the guidelines of NHBC have been adhered to.
FAQ - Evaluating Building Performance for Human Comfort
- Q: What are the main human comfort requirements in a building?
- Q: How can I evaluate a building's performance in these areas?
- Q: What are some signs that a building might not be meeting human comfort requirements?
- Q: What can be done to improve a building's performance for human comfort?
- Q: Are there any resources available to help me evaluate a building's comfort performance?
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