Managing Financial Resources Assignment
Qualification - BTEC Higher National Diploma in Business
Unit number and title - Unit 2 Managing Financial Resources
QFC Level - Level 5
Assignment title - Finance as a resources , Making financial decisions & Analysing financial performance
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Purpose of this assignment
The purpose of this assignment is to give the learners a broad understanding of the sources and availability of managing financial for a business organisation. Learners will learn how to evaluate these different sources and compare how they are used. They will learn how financial information is recorded and how to use this information to make decisions for example in planning and budgeting.
Decisions relating to pricing and investment appraisal are also considered within the unit. Finally, learners will learn and apply techniques used to evaluate financial performance
Scenario (Task 1)
Since embarking upon your Business you have been looking for a new job in finance or accountancy. You have had a number of years of experience working in industry and you would be particularly interested in a role which involved working with and advising local businesses. Eventually you secure a post with a large firm of accountants as a Finance and Business Advisor. This is a new departure for the company who have, traditionally, concentrated upon accountancy and auditing services.
Task 1A
As a starting point, the senior partner in the company suggests that you put together:
A detailed information pack for new and existing businesses which:
Identifies the sources of finance currently available. The pack should be aimed at the full range of business types - new and old, large and small - and for new business start-ups and those wishing to expand.
Assesses the implications of each source including the relative advantages and disadvantages to the business, the legal aspects, the costs and the suitability for purpose.
Provides three case-study examples for businesses. These should include a small business start-up, a large business expansion and small group of people who are looking to buy up an existing medium-sized company. Finance sources should be carefully matched to needs.
(This provides evidence for outcome 1 - assessment criteria 1.1, 1.2 , 1.3 and for outcome 2 - assessment criteria 2.1)
Task 1 B
You are given the following information from the company's financial statement.
£000
|
£000
|
From the balance sheet as at
|
31 March 2003
|
31 March 2002
|
Stocks
|
12482
|
11862
|
Trade Debtors
|
32287
|
28410
|
Trade Creditors
|
17048
|
13585
|
Total Asset less current liabilities
|
47505
|
34912
|
Creditors Due after more than one year
|
13388
|
6870
|
Share Capital ( 25p share)
|
6782
|
4282
|
From the profit and loss account for the year ended
|
31 March 2003
|
31 March 2002
|
Turnover
|
205157
|
182530
|
Cost f goods sold
|
172065
|
153730
|
Expenses
|
27342
|
22285
|
Interest Payable
|
1925
|
1220
|
The above information contains information from both the Income Statement of the company and the statement of the financial position. Discuss the purpose of these financial statements.
Analysis of the above information reveals that the company is financed by both debt capital and equity capital. You have been asked by the directors to prepare a short report on the costs of these different sources of finance. You are expected to discuss what factors should be considered by directors when taking decisions regarding the mode of financing.
Selecting suitable sources of finance as 1.1 is an example of financial planning. Discuss other instances of financial planning and analyse the importance of financial planning to the company.
The above information contains extracts from both the Income Statement and Statement of Financial position. Discuss how these statements meet the information needs of various stakeholders of the company.
Discuss how different forms of financing affects the format of the financial statements.
Calculate the following ratios and comment on the performance of the business over the two years;
Cash Flow Forecast for a new business - Northfield Components Ltd: Jan 2008 - Dec 2008
|
|
JAN
|
FEB
|
MAR
|
APR
|
MAY
|
JUN
|
JUL
|
AUG
|
SEP
|
OCT
|
NOV
|
DEC
|
|
£000
's
|
£000
's
|
£000
's
|
£000
's
|
£000
's
|
£000
's
|
£00
0's
|
£000
's
|
£000
's
|
£000
's
|
£00
0's
|
£000
's
|
Brought Fwd.
|
40
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Sales
|
200
|
300
|
300
|
300
|
250
|
260
|
300
|
260
|
300
|
325
|
265
|
265
|
Total Income
|
240
|
300
|
300
|
300
|
250
|
260
|
300
|
260
|
300
|
325
|
265
|
265
|
Purchases
|
150
|
140
|
135
|
135
|
140
|
130
|
135
|
145
|
140
|
140
|
145
|
145
|
Wages
|
55
|
55
|
55
|
55
|
55
|
55
|
55
|
55
|
55
|
55
|
55
|
55
|
Rent & Rates
|
56
|
|
|
56
|
|
|
56
|
|
|
56
|
|
|
Light & Heat
|
|
|
55
|
|
|
55
|
|
|
55
|
|
|
55
|
Advertising
|
2
|
2
|
2
|
2
|
2
|
2
|
2
|
2
|
2
|
2
|
2
|
2
|
Insurance
|
55
|
|
|
|
52
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Equipment
|
50
|
10
|
|
10
|
|
10
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Vehicles
|
20
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Directors Salaries
|
22
|
22
|
22
|
22
|
22
|
22
|
22
|
22
|
22
|
22
|
22
|
22
|
Motor Expenses
|
11
|
11
|
11
|
11
|
11
|
11
|
11
|
11
|
11
|
11
|
11
|
11
|
Sundry Expenses
|
11
|
11
|
11
|
11
|
11
|
11
|
11
|
11
|
11
|
11
|
11
|
11
|
Total
Expenditure
|
432
|
251
|
291
|
302
|
293
|
296
|
292
|
246
|
296
|
297
|
246
|
301
|
Monthly
|
-192
|
49
|
9
|
-2
|
-43
|
-36
|
8
|
14
|
4
|
28
|
19
|
-36
|
Deficit/Surplus
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Accumulative Deficit/Surplus
|
-192
|
-143
|
-134
|
-136
|
-179
|
-215
|
-207
|
-193
|
-189
|
-161
|
-142
|
-178
|
Gross profit margin
Stock Turnover
Debtors Collection period ( Debtors Days)
Creditors payment period ( creditors days
(This provides evidence for outcome 2 - assessment criteria 2.1, 2.2 , 2.3 and 2.4 for outcome 4 - assessment criteria 4.1,4.2 and 4.3)
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Scenario (Task 2)
The Financial Accountant of Northfield Components has recently resigned and left his post with immediate effect. The Directors decide to advertise for a replacement but realize that the recruitment process may take up to three months. In the short term they decide to bring in a financial consultant to tide them over until a permanent appointment is made. You are asked by your line manager to take on this role - initially for three months
Task 2A
On your first morning in early January 2008 the Directors present you with the cash budgets prepared by the departed financial accountant. You are given the budgetfor the twelve months from January 2008. The directors are concerned about the likely cash deficits shown in the cash budget.
Cash Flow Forecast for a new business - Northfield Components Ltd: Jan 2008 - Dec 2008
|
|
JAN
|
FEB
|
MAR
|
APR
|
MAY
|
JUN
|
JUL
|
AUG
|
SEP
|
OCT
|
NOV
|
DEC
|
|
£000
's
|
£000
's
|
£000
's
|
£000
's
|
£000
's
|
£000
's
|
£00
0's
|
£000
's
|
£000
's
|
£000
's
|
£00
0's
|
£000
's
|
Brought Fwd.
|
40
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Sales
|
200
|
300
|
300
|
300
|
250
|
260
|
300
|
260
|
300
|
325
|
265
|
265
|
Total Income
|
240
|
300
|
300
|
300
|
250
|
260
|
300
|
260
|
300
|
325
|
265
|
265
|
Purchases
|
150
|
140
|
135
|
135
|
140
|
130
|
135
|
145
|
140
|
140
|
145
|
145
|
Wages
|
55
|
55
|
55
|
55
|
55
|
55
|
55
|
55
|
55
|
55
|
55
|
55
|
Rent & Rates
|
56
|
|
|
56
|
|
|
56
|
|
|
56
|
|
|
Light & Heat
|
|
|
55
|
|
|
55
|
|
|
55
|
|
|
55
|
Advertising
|
2
|
2
|
2
|
2
|
2
|
2
|
2
|
2
|
2
|
2
|
2
|
2
|
Insurance
|
55
|
|
|
|
52
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Equipment
|
50
|
10
|
|
10
|
|
10
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Vehicles
|
20
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Directors Salaries
|
22
|
22
|
22
|
22
|
22
|
22
|
22
|
22
|
22
|
22
|
22
|
22
|
Motor Expenses
|
11
|
11
|
11
|
11
|
11
|
11
|
11
|
11
|
11
|
11
|
11
|
11
|
Sundry Expenses
|
11
|
11
|
11
|
11
|
11
|
11
|
11
|
11
|
11
|
11
|
11
|
11
|
Total
Expenditure
|
432
|
251
|
291
|
302
|
293
|
296
|
292
|
246
|
296
|
297
|
246
|
301
|
Monthly
|
-192
|
49
|
9
|
-2
|
-43
|
-36
|
8
|
14
|
4
|
28
|
19
|
-36
|
Deficit/Surplus
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Accumulative Deficit/Surplus
|
-192
|
-143
|
-134
|
-136
|
-179
|
-215
|
-207
|
-193
|
-189
|
-161
|
-142
|
-178
|
Using the information given in the cash budget identify the main problems that Northfield Components are faced with.
Identify the likely causes of the problems and how they might be remedied and avoided in the future.
Make recommendations for improving the cash budget with a view to minimizing the cash deficit or, possibly, generating a cash surplus.
You are required to present your findings and recommendations in a formal written report to the Directors of Northfield Components Ltd.(This provides evidence for outcome 3 - assessment criteria 3.1)